Build algorithms from scratch, all the way to the research frontier.

Start with a single loop. Climb through the classic design strategies and the patterns senior engineers rely on, and finish with the algorithms inside today's databases, search engines and research papers. Watch each idea move, write it yourself in pseudocode that is run and checked for real, and measure how fast it is.

Your first problem, Largest Element, takes about five minutes. No account and no installs: progress stays in this browser. Prefer a plan? Follow the Learning Path.

Chapters 0–18, step-by-step simulations and a problem bank, checked in your browser, in eight levels. Grounded in A. Levitin, Introduction to the Design and Analysis of Algorithms, 3rd ed., then extended well beyond it.

selection sort finds the minimum and swaps it home

Today in the Arena

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One path, four stretches

Every Arena problem has a level. Climb in order or jump in where you are: each station says what you will be able to do once you finish it.

What each level unlocks

From classic to cutting edge

The Algorithm Atlas follows one problem at a time from the first idea anyone tries to the newest research result, with what each step fixed and where it runs today. Point at a station to read it; open it to see the whole ladder.

All ladders in the Atlas

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Six ways to work on an algorithm

Read it, watch it, write it, test it, trace its history and check yourself. Every page links to the others, so you can switch whenever one way stops working for you.

Practice Arena

Over 200 problems in eight levels. Write Forge Pseudocode, JavaScript or Python, or snap shuffled blocks into order; hidden tests run in your browser and count the operations your solution performs.

  • Interview mode with a timer and no hints
  • A daily challenge, a streak, and badges
  • A spaced-repetition review queue that brings problems back
  • Compare your solution with the reference, side by side

Pseudocode Playground

Run any Forge Pseudocode you write. Step through it line by line and watch its variables and arrays change, then send it to the Growth Lab, which runs it on larger and larger inputs and fits the curve.

  • A gallery of worked classic algorithms to start from
  • Arrays drawn as cells with their index variables as arrows, plus every variable and the call stack
  • Share a program and its inputs as a link

Lessons

Nineteen chapters, each built around Build Cards: the problem in one sentence, a story, a picture, the pseudocode, the math, and a check-yourself question.

Simulations

Dozens of step-through simulations. Type your own input, step forward and back, and read why each step happened.

Algorithm Atlas

Evolution ladders for many problems, from the first idea to today's research, every claim with a source.

Quiz and cheat sheet

Multiple-choice questions with explanations and a flashcard mode, plus one printable page of sums, recurrences and complexities.

Also on hand: a 12-week study plan problem sets and two practice exams with full solutions a tested Python library that counts its own operations

One loop, for every algorithm

Each algorithm is learned the same five ways, in the same order. If you get stuck at any step, go back one, usually to the picture.

1

Learn

Read the lesson's Build Card: the problem in one sentence, a real-life story, then the idea.

Lessons by chapter
2

See

Run the simulation on your own input. Step forward and back; every frame explains what happened and why.

Simulations
3

Build

Assemble the algorithm from shuffled blocks of pseudocode. Order and indentation are the whole puzzle.

Blocks mode
4

Write

Write it from a blank page. The Arena runs your pseudocode, checks it against hidden tests and counts its operations.

Practice Arena
5

Senior twist

Solved it? Every problem ends with the harder follow-up an experienced engineer would ask next.

Levels 0–7

Every chapter, 0 to 18

Chapters 1–12 follow the classic design strategies in textbook order. Chapters 13–17 add the tools and habits of working engineers, and Chapter 18 reaches the research frontier.

See it as a map

Start with the door that suits you

Everyone has a favorite first door. Walk in through yours, then try the others: the understanding that lasts is the one you have seen from several sides.

Visual

“I need to see it.”
  • Open the simulation before the lesson, and step slowly.
  • Type the exact example from the lesson into the sim and watch it match.
  • In the Arena or the Playground, press Visualize to watch your own code run.

Story & analogy

“Tell me what it's like.”
  • Read each Build Card's Story first: sorting cards, looking up a word, filling a backpack.
  • Read the sims' narration panel instead of watching the bars.
  • Explain the algorithm out loud in one sentence before writing anything.

Hands-on

“Let me try it.”
  • Go straight to the Arena and attempt the problem cold.
  • Use Blocks mode when a blank page feels like too much.
  • Break things on purpose: change < to ≤ and predict what fails.

Math-first

“Show me the proof.”
  • Start from the cheat sheet: sums, recurrences, the Master Theorem.
  • Jump to each card's Analyze it block, then read the code to see why the sum looks that way.
  • Try the Recurrence Lab.

Code-first

“Show me the code.”
  • Solve Arena problems in JavaScript or Python as well as pseudocode.
  • Read the tested library in src/python; it counts its own operations.
  • Keep the pseudocode reference open.
Primary reference

Anany Levitin, Introduction to the Design and Analysis of Algorithms, 3rd edition (Pearson, 2012). Chapters 1–12 follow its chapters and cite sections like “Levitin §4.2”. All explanations, examples and pseudocode here are written fresh for Algorithm Forge; get the book for the full treatment and exercises. The Atlas and Chapter 18 cite the original papers.

A free, open learning resource for anyone who wants to build algorithms from scratch. Source on GitHub.

Great companions (all in English)
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) OpenCourseWare 6.006 Introduction to Algorithms: free videos and problem sets
  • VisuAlgo: animations of classic data structures
  • Sedgewick & Wayne, Algorithms: book site with code
  • cp-algorithms.com: deep dives for Chapters 13–18
  • Abdul Bari and William Fiset on YouTube: recurrences, sorting, graph theory